ROLLS ROYCE
The history of this brand is the story of an amazingly successful union of two businessmen, Charles Rolls and Henry Royce. One of them was a wealthy aristocrat, and the other grew up in poverty and spent only a year in school, but together they created a car that has become an absolute symbol of success.
An interesting fact: the names of a rich man and a poor man met in the name of the company. The first is the name of the rich man - Charles Rolls. He was born into a family of hereditary aristocrats from Wales, received two higher educations and was interested in cars from childhood - he even became the first student at Cambridge who had his own car. After graduation, he opened his own company, which was engaged in the import of cars, it was founded in 1902 and became known as CSRolls & Co. But ordinary imports seemed to Rolls not enough, he dreamed of creating his own car.
The second surname in the brand name - Royce - belongs to Henry Royce, the founder and first engineer of the company. Unlike Rolls, Royce was born into a poor, practically impoverished family: from the age of ten he worked as a paperboy and postman. At the same time, Royce understood that without education he would not be able to achieve anything in life, so in his spare time he studied French and German, electrical engineering and mathematics.
In 1904, Rolls Royce met. The year before, Royce's workshop produced three cars with a capacity of 10 horsepower. There were no particularly new technical solutions in the cars, but they looked good and were distinguished by excellent assembly and reliable details.
Cars made a splash in England - all local newspapers wrote about them, and a little later - the world ones. The fame was so great that an article about these cars even appeared in the Russian magazine Za Rulem. Charles Rolls also heard about these cars, who at that moment was just looking for an engineer who could help him develop his own car. On May 1, 1904, an agreement was signed between Rolls and Royce at the Midland Restaurant. This day is considered the official founding of Rolls-Royce.
In 1906, the international market saw the first official car under the Rolls-Royce trademark - Silver Ghost (1907-1925) with the famous symbols. A 7-liter six-cylinder engine and a reinforced metal frame are the design features of the machine. The model was called 40/50 HP.
In wartime, the main focus of the company was the production of aircraft engines, as well as gas turbine engines. In 1947, the serial production of the Rolls-Royce Silver Wraith (1947-1959) began. Due to low technical performance, the model was not a success with consumers. A total of 2083 copies were madeyara.
The next model was the Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud (1955-1965). Despite the outdated design, consumer interest was great. Within 4 years, 2238 cars rolled off the assembly line. In just 10 years, 7248 pieces were sold. From 1959 to 1968 the massive Phantom V was produced. The maximum speed of the car reached 165 km / h, despite the huge mass - 2.7 tons. In 9 years, only 832 cars were manufactured. Since 1968, the Phantom VI has been replaced, with improved equipment, but the same design.
For almost 50 years, until the end of the 1950s, the brand felt extremely confident - Rolls-Royce formed the image of a premium British car, which was driven by businessmen, celebrities and even representatives of the monarchy. So the fourth and fifth generation Phantom models were used by the royal family, and it was great advertising and led to a sharp increase in sales that year.
Everything changed in 1960: another crisis was raging in the world, but Rolls-Royce seemed such a stable brand that the administration decided not to rewrite the business strategy for the economic downturn. Moreover, the company began work on two large-scale projects at once - the release of a new car model and the creation of a jet engine. However, managers miscalculated: during the crisis, the number of buyers decreased, and new developments were unclaimed. As a result, the brand took loans from several banks and subsequently went bankrupt.
In 1971, the company was officially declared insolvent. However, the British public could not allow the closure of Rolls-Royce - the brand was considered a symbol of the country and a national treasure. As a result, the state was forced to pay $250 million to repay the firm's loans.
From that moment, bidding for the company began. Bidders for the purchase were BMW, Volkswagen and Daimler-Benz. Bidding was incredibly tense, and the deal was canceled several times: first, Daimler-Benz left the struggle, which decided to develop its own Maybach brand. Then BMW and Volkswagen increased the amount of the deal several times in order to beat the competitor's price. After several months of negotiations, a compromise was reached: BMW bought the Rolls-Royce brand directly, and Volkswagen received the rights to Bentley.
Details
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1. Audio, navigation, electronic systems
2. Automatic transmission
3. Auxiliary materials and operating fluids / Color system
4. Body repair
5. Brakes
6. Communication systems
7. Remote control systems, cruise control
8. Drive shaft
9. Engine
10. Engine and transmission Suspension
11. Engine electrical system
12. Spare parts for equipment
13. Exhaust system
14. Front axle
15. Fuel preparation system
16. Fuel supply
17. Heater and air conditioner
18. Devices, measuring systems
19. Lighting
20. Pedals
21. Radiator
22. Rear axle
23. Restraint system and accessories
24. Seats
25. Steering
26. Technical literature
27. Universal accessories
28. Vehicle electrical system
29. Car trim
30. Wheels